Referent, reality. Object of the discourse. By extension: physical reality. The referent (level of discourse) should be carefully distinguished from the signified (level of language). If we put aside proper nouns, at the level of language, the signified is a concept, a general category. At this level of language, there is no enunciator, no interpreter... and therefore no referent. The virtual bipole signifier / signified of a natural language has to be further determined and used in various contexts by the enunciators and interpreters B of speeches in order to actually point to referents.